The name catuaba is used for the infusions of the bark of a number of trees native to Brazil.

An infusion of the bark is used in traditional Brazilian medicine as an aphrodisiac and central nervous system stimulant. These claims have not been confirmed in scientific studies, but a journalist for the Discovery Channel claims that "reports in scientific journals and at conferences have supported catuaba's  use for sexual enhancement.

In catuaba, a group of three alkaloids dubbed catuabine A, B and C are believed to enhance sexual function by stimulating the nervous system.

A study by Manabe et al. (1992) showed that catuaba extracts from Trichilia catigua were useful in preventing potentially lethal bacterial infections and HIV infection in mice.